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Bài tập Động từ khuyết thiếu - Modal verb

I. Lý thuyết về động từ khuyết thiếu

Trước hết phải giải thích rõ về loại động từ này. Có hai cách gọi động từ khuyết thiếu là Modal verbs và Auxiliary Verb. Cả hai cách gọi này đều chỉ chung về động từ khuyết thiếu, khiếm khuyết.

Khái niệm

Modal verbs được coi là động từ bất quy tắc và dùng để bổ nghĩa cho động từ chính trong câu, do đó, sau modal verbs, động từ chính thường giữ nguyên không chia.

Các động từ khuyết thiếu được sử dụng nhiều nhất hiện nay là Can, Will, May, Should, Must, Used to. Chúng ta cùng tìm hiểu về từng từ này với cách sử dụng riêng.

Modal verbs được sử dụng diễn tả mục đích và ngữ nghĩa của câu, bao gồm khả năng, sự cho phép, bắt buộc, cần thiết, dự đoán, yêu cầu,… .

Những Modal verb thường gặp

Đặc điểm động từ khuyết thiếu:

➤ Không thêm “-s”, “-ed”, “-ing”, vào sau động từ khuyết thiếu.

➤ Động từ khuyết thiếu không cần chia ở ngôi thứ 3 như các động từ khác. Ở trường hợp nào cũng giữ nguyên, không phải chia.

➤ Được sử dụng với những mục đích khác nhau của người nói.

➤ Không có hình thức động từ nguyên thể hay phân từ hai, bất quy tắc. 

➤ Động từ chính đi với động từ khuyết thiếu không chia, ở dạng nguyên thể và có "to" hoặc không.

➤ Trong các câu hỏi, câu hỏi đuôi, câu phủ định...không cần trợ động từ 

II. Những động từ khuyết thiếu thông dụng

1. Can - Be able to ( hiện tại, tương lai)

“Can” và “be able to” đều có thể hiểu là có thể làm gì đó.

Can:

Ex: Kelvin, CAN you please open the door for me?

Ex: Kelvin CAN cook!

Be able to:

Ex: Kelvin is able to swim very well.

Ex: We are unable to swim like Kelvin.

=> Các bạn có thể hiểu như này: “Can” chỉ việc bạn có thể làm không và thường những điều đó đều có thể thực hiện được và dùng câu hỏi với “Can” như một lời nhờ vả lịch sự. Còn “BE ABLE TO” sâu hơn để chỉ việc mà có thể chỉ 1 cá nhân làm được và có giới hạn của việc thực hiện hành động đó.

Ex: She is able to run very fast!

Ex: Kelvin is unable to run, he’s disabled!

2. Could - Be able to ( quá khứ )

Note 1: Could là dạng quá khứ của “Can”

Ex: They told me they could come to my tea party. I have some tea to spill.

“ Have tea to spill “ là idiom: có chuyện để tám.

Ex: He could have done better if he had studied hard last night.

Note 2: Be able to về quá khứ thì các bạn chỉ cần chia “Be” => “Was/were”

Ex: I wasn’t able to come to your tea party because of my insecure being in your story.

Cách sử dụng COULD:

- “Could” (nghĩa “có lẽ”) dùng để chỉ một việc có lẽ sẽ diễn ra trong “tương lai” nhưng “chưa chắc chắn”:

Ex: It could be raining tomorrow, so bring an umbrella. Just in case.

Ex: Be quiet! I heard something. It could be a tiger!!

“could” đặc biệt sử dụng với những động từ sau: See (nhìn), hear (nghe), smell (ngửi), taste (nếm), feel (cảm thấy), remember (nhớ), understand (hiểu)

Ex: His accent is quite heavy but I could still understand him every bit!

Ex: Calm down Kel! I could tell that you are worrying.

Khi trường hợp, ngữ cảnh câu nói bạn là về một sự việc mang tính gây cấn:

• The building was on fire but Kelvin was able to escape 

• Kelvin is a famous deadlifter. He could win any medal! 

• 2021 Kelvin met John who was also a professional deadlifter. I thought Kel would have lost but he was able to beat John ( or managed to beat john )

Note: Could mình có thể dùng để lời nói được dễ thương hơn và người nghe sẽ thấy mình lịch sự.

Ex: Can you give me the bottle, please? <= Cũng đưa nước nhưng hơi không thân thiện

Ex: Could you give me the bottle, please? <= Đưa chai nước liền.

3. Have to - Must - Need to

"Must," "have to," and "need to" in the positive or question form are used to speak about responsibilities, obligations, and important actions.

- Ex: I must finish my homework before tomorrow.

- Ex: He has to work on his presentation. It is due tonight.

- Ex: They need to come to Tam Kỳ if they want to eat the best “chicken meal”.

Note: Thường những từ trên đều dùng để nói về việc cần làm và là trách nhiệm bản thân. “Must”, “Have to” thường về công việc hơn còn

“Need to” thường về cuộc sống thường nhật.

Note: “Must” mạnh nhất và điều bắt buộc phải làm bằng được.

“Don’t have to” : một điều gì đó không cần làm/ có, not required.

Ex: I don’t have to get up at 9am today.

“Don’t need to” : Không cần làm gì (action). Một hành động không cần thiết

Ex: Kelvin doesn’t need to go to the grocery store this week. He has plenty of food.

“Mustn't”: Nghiêm cấm!

Ex: You must not smoke cigarettes in public while in Singapore!

4. May - Might

May:

- Thể hiện sự xin phép

May I use your phone please?

- Thể hiện khả năng, xác suất

It may rain tomorrow!

Might:

- Hỏi, xin phép lịch sự hơn

Might I interrupt for a moment?

-  Thể hiện khả năng, xác suất

The car looks nice but it might be expensive.

“May” và “might” dùng để xin phép, tuy nhiên “might” hầu như chỉ dùng trong câu gián tiếp và ít dùng trong văn nói. Mức độ có thể nếu xác suất thấp thì dùng Might và cao hơn thì dùng May.

Example: He asked if she might come later.

Bên cạnh đó,

May - được dùng để đưa ra khả năng có thể; dự đoán ở hiện tại.

Ví dụ: It may rain tomorrow.

Might - Đưa ra khả năng có thể; dự đoán ở quá khứ

Ví dụ: She might come home late last night.

Với quá khứ, chúng ta sử dụng may have/ might have

Example:

I wonder why kate didn’t answer her phone? She may have been asleep.

I can find my jey anywhere.- You might have left it at work.

5. Need not

- Không cần thiết, không bắt buộc phải làm gì đó.

I needn’t come with us.

- Có thể sử dụng “don’t/ doesn’t need to…”

We don’t need to hurry.

6. Will

- Đoán sự việc có thể xảy ra trong tương lai

It will be rainy tomorrow

I think it will rain heavily tomorrow./ Because her brother was young, I think he would probably like this picture.

7. Would

- Diễn tả giả định xảy ra, dự đoán sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ

He would be exhausted when hear this bad news.

I would drink a glass of milk everyday when I was a student in primary school.

- Mô tả những sự kiện (đơn giản, không có nhiều dự định) chắc chắn sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai.

➨ I will go to the supermarket with my mom tomorrow.

Will và would có thể dùng trong câu đề nghị, yêu cầu, lời mời.

Example: Will you give me your address?

Will you shut the door?

Would you like a car?

Would you like some coffee?

8.  Shall

Đề xuất làm gì với ngôi “I”, “we” hoặc giao nhiệm vụ cho người khác một cách trang trọng

What shall we meet?

We shall commit doing the articles in the agreement.

9. Should/ought to

Should hay còn biết đến dạng khác là “Ought to”. Từ này được dùng để đưa ra lời khuyên, nên làm gì.

Ví dụ: You should spend more time practicing listening to English lectures.

You ought to eat less meat and dairy products to avoid diseases such as cancer or diabetes.

- Thể hiện tính 50 % sự ép buộc

You should / ought to see a doctor.

- Lời khuyên

You should / ought to revise your lessons at home.

- Kết luận có căn cứ

He should / ought to be very tired. He's been working all day long.

Should/ ought to cũng được dùng khi diễ tả điều gì đó không đúng nếu không xảy ra.

Example: Where’s Jane?- She should be here right now.

10. Had better

-  Lời khuyên ( tốt hơn hết là…..)

You'd better do the homework right now.

 11. Used to

III. Bài tập về động từ khuyết thiếu

Bài tập 1: Điền trợ động từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống

Can – may – must – should  – ought to – might   –  will   –   couldn’t 

1. You ……………………… tell me the truth for your own good.

2. I ……………………… find my shoes anywhere.

3. We ……………………… arrive on time or else we will be in trouble.

4. He ……………………… shoot the basketball at the rim.

5. ……………………… you let me know the time?

6. They ……………………… not be trustworthy enough.

7. …………………….. you please pass the salt?

8. We ……………………… prepare for the big exam.

Đáp án

1. should

2. couldn’t

3. ought to

4. can

5. May

6. might

7. Will

8. must

Bài tập 2: Chọn từ thích hợp

1. You must / should / shouldn’t be 18 before you can drive in Spain

2. You don’t have to / mustn’t / shouldn’t go to bed so late. It’s not good for you.

3. You don’t have to / mustn’t / shouldn’t wear a school uniform in most Spanish state schools.

4. You must / mustn’t / needn’t come. I can do it without you.

5. You don’t have to / must / mustn’t copy during exams.

6. You don’t have to / mustn’t / shouldn’t be very tall to play football.

7. You must / mustn’t / needn’t be a good writer to win the Pulitzer Prize.

Đáp án

1. must

2. shouldn’t

3. don’t have to

4. needn’t

5. mustn’t

6. don’t have to

7. must

Bài tập 3: Sử dụng dạng khẳng định hoặc phủ định của trợ động từ “must” hoặc “have to” để điền vào chỗ trống

1. Brilliant! I ……………………… study tonight because I’ve finished my exams.

2. You ……………………… use a mobile phone on a plane.

3. You can go out, but you ……………………… be home by midnight.

4. Jo ……………………… go to school by bus. She lives nearby.

5. We ……………………… cook tonight. We can get a pizza.

6. She ……………………… get up early. She’s on holiday.

7. You ……………………… study harder or you are going to fail.

8. You ……………………… drive faster than 120 km/h on the motorway.

Đáp án

1. must

2. mustn’t

3. must 

4. must

5. don’t have to

6. doesn’t have to

7. must

8. must

Bài tập 4: Chia dạng đúng của trợ động từ “must”, “mustn’t” hoặc “don’t have to” để hoàn thành đoạn văn sau

I (1)……………………… go to school from Monday to Friday. We (2)……………………… wear an uniform, so I normally wear sport clothes. We (3)……………………… arrive late, and we (4)……………………… go to every class. In class, we (5)………………………shout, play or sing. We (6)……………………… have lunch at school, so I sometimes go home.

When school finishes, I (7)……………………… look after my little sister. When my parents come home, I (8)……………………… stay in, so I usually go out with my friends. When I get home, I (9)……………………… do my homework. I (10)……………………… go to bed late, except on Fridays, when I (11)……………………… go to bed before midnight.

Đáp án

1. have to

2. don’t have to

3. mustn’t

4. have to

5. mustn’t

6. don’t have to

7. must

8. don’t have to

9. must

10. mustn’t

11. must

Bài tập 5: Chọn trợ động từ đúng

1. I can / can’t / might go out tonight. I’m too busy.

2. I haven’t studied enough. I may / may not / might pass my exams.

3. I could / couldn’t / might be here next weekend.

4. They say it can / could not / might snow tomorrow.

5. She can / might not / won’t be able to help us. She’s not available.

6. Can / May / Might you come to my party?

7. We should run or we won’t / might not/ may miss the bus.

8. I don’t, but I can / couldn’t / may be late.

Đáp án

1. can’t

2. may not

3. might

4. can

5. won’t

6. May

7. may

8. may

Bài tập 6: Chọn trợ động từ thích hợp và điền vào chỗ trống

Can –  could – might – ought to  – should  –  may – would – must – had better  –  will  – shall  –  have to

1. ……………………… you please show me the way to train station?

2. You ……………………… study for your math test or you won’t do well.

3. If Sue wants to buy a car this summer, she ……………………… get a part-time job.

4. Ryan ……………………… remember his wife’s birthday this year.

5. Tim ……………………… share his pizza with you if you ask him nicely.

6. I ……………………… speak Korean fluently when I was a child and we lived in Korea.

7. I ……………………… like to buy the same bicycle that you have.

8. Even though you’re growing up, you ……………………… never stop having fun.

9. ……………………… you play the piano?

10. I am determined that my son ……………………… go to Harvard.

11. The children ……………………… wake up earlier than 7:30 am. They have to at camp at 8:00 am.

12. Nicole ……………………… visit her grandmother this weekend.

Đáp án

1. Could

2. should

3. ought to

4. had better

5. will

6. could

7. would

8. will

9. Can

10. would

11. must

12. may

Bài tập 7: Chọn đáp án đúng nhất để điền vào chỗ trống trong mỗi câu sau.

1. Young people ______ obey their parents.

A. must

B. may

C. will

D. ought to

2. Laura, you and the kids just have dinner without waiting for me. I ______ work late today.

A. can

B. have to

C. could

D. would

3. I ______ be delighted to show you round the factory.

A. ought to

B. would

C. might

D. can

4. Leave early so that you ______ miss the bus.

A. didn’t

B. won’t

C. shouldn’t

D. mustn’t

5. Jenny’s engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune.

A. must

B. might

C. will

D. should

6. You ______ to write them today.

A. should

B. must

C. had

D. ought

7. Unless he runs, he______ catch the train.

A. will

B. mustn’t

C. wouldn’t

D. won’t

8. When _____you come back home?

A. will

B. may

C. might

D. maybe

9. _____you

A. may

B. must

C. will

D. could.

Đáp án

1. A

2. C

3. B

4. B

5. A

6. D

7. D

8. A

9. C

Bài tập 8: Viết lại các câu sau đây sao cho nghĩa không đổi.

1. Perhaps Susan knows the address. (may)

=> Susan______________________________________________

2. It’s possible that Joanna didn’t receive my message. (might)

=> Joanna ______________________________________________

3. The report must be on my desk tomorrow. (has)

=> The report ______________________________________________

4. I managed to finish all my work. (able)

=> I______________________________________________

5. It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat. (didn’t)

=> Nancy______________________________________________

Đáp án

1. Susan may know the address.

2. Joanna mightn’t have received my message.

3. The report has to be on my desk tomorrow.

4. I was able to finish all my work.

5. Nancy didn’t need to clean the flat.

Bài tập 9: Trong những câu sau đây, có một số câu chính xác và một số câu chứa một lỗi sai. Nếu câu đó đúng, hãy ghi “Đúng” , nếu câu đó sai, hãy tìm và sửa lỗi sai đó.

1. You must have be surprised when you heard the news.

2. You needn’t have do all this work.

3. The window must have been broken on purpose.

4. You must tired after working so hard.

5. One of the men may have died on the mountain.

6. You must been driving too fast.

7. The thief must have come in through the window.

8. If he is not in the office, he must at home. 

Đáp án

1. be => been

2. do => done

3. Đúng

4. must => must be

5. Đúng

6. must been => must have been

7. Đúng

8. must => must be

Bài tập 10: Hoàn thành các câu sử dụng Can hoặc (be) able to. Sử dụng Can nếu có thể, nếu không thì sử dụng (be) able to

1. Gary has travelled a lot. He …… speak five languages.

2. I haven’t ……. sleep very well recently.

3. Nicole …. drive, but she hasn’t got a car.

4. I used to …. stand on my head, but I can’t do it now.

5. I can’t understand Martin, I’ve never …. understand him.

6. I can’t see you on Friday, but I …. meet you on Saturday morning.

7. Ask Catherine about your problem. She might …. help you.

Đáp án

1. can

2. been able to

3. can

4. be able to

5. been able to

6. can

7. be able to

IV, Bài tập vận dụng động từ khuyết thiếu có đáp án

I. Choose the best option for each sentence:

1) Young people ______ obey their parents.

a. must

b. may

c. will

d. ought to

2) Laura, you and the kids just have dinner without waiting for me. I ______ work very hard today.

a. can

b. may

c. should

d. would

3) I ______ be delighted to show you round the factory.

a. ought to

b. would

c. might

d. can

4) Leave early so that you ______ miss the bus.

a. didn’t

b. won’t

c. shouldn’t

d. mustn’t

5) Jenny's engagement ring is enormous! It ______ have cost a fortune

a. must

b. might

c. will

d. should

6) You ______ to write them today.

a. should

b. must

c. had

d. ought

7) I hope I ______ find it.

a. will

b. shall

c. could

d. must

8) Unless he runs he______ catch the train.

a. will

b. mustn’t

c. wouldn’t

d. won’t

9) ______ you be in Rome tonight.

a. will

b. may

c. might

d. maybe

10) We ______ have time to help you tomorrow.

a. may

b. must

c. will

d. could.

11) "______ you hand me that pair of scissors, please?"

a. May

b. Will

c. Shall

d. Should

12) Jeanette did very badly on the exam. She _____ harder.

a. must have studied

b. should have studied

c. could have studied

d. must studied

13) He was very lucky when he fell off the ladder. He _____ himself.

a. could have hurt

b. should have hurt

c. must have hurt

d. will have hurt

14) Marcela didn't come to class yesterday. She _____ an accident.

a. should have had

b. might have

c. must have

d. may have had

15) John still hasn't come out. He ______ everything for the trip now.

a. must have been preparing

b. will be preparing

c. must be preparing

d. will have prepared

16) Thomas received a warning for speeding. He _____ so fast.

a. shouldn't have driven

b. would have driven

c. should have

d. might have driven

17) The photos are black. The X-ray at the airport _____ them.

a. should have damaged

b. would have damaged

c. would damage

d. must have damaged

18) Tom didn't do his homework, so the teacher became very angry. He _____ his homework.

a. must have done

b. should have done

c. might have

d. will have done

19) My car stopped on the high way. It _____ out of gas

a. may run

b. may have run

c. must be

d. should have run

20) Robert arrived without his book. He _____ it.

a. could have lost

b. should have lost

c. would have lost

d. will have lost

21) "Where do you think Rooney is today?". "I have no idea. He _____ late."

a. should have left

b. would have sleep

c. would sleep

d. may have sleep

22) Berbatov painted his bedroom black. It looks dark and dreary. He _____ a different color.

a. had to choose

b. should have chosen

c. must have chosen

d. could have been choosing

23) The children _____ "thank you" to you when you gave them their gifts.

a. will have said

b. must say

c. should have said

d. should say

24) If we had known your new address, we _____ to see you.

a. came

b. would have come

c. will come

d. would come

25) These two boys look identical. They _____ twins.

a. must have been

b. must be

c. should be

d. should have been

Đáp án:

1 - a; 2 - c; 3 - b; 4 - b; 5 - a;

6 - c; 7 - b; 8 - c; 9 - a; 10 - c;

11 - a; 12 - b; 13 - a; 14 - d; 15 - c;

16 - a; 17 - d; 18 - b; 19 - b; 20 - a;

21 - d; 22 - b; 23 - c; 24 - b; 25 - a;

II. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning:

26) Perhaps Susan know the address. (may)

Susan ........................................................................................................

27) It's possible that Joanna didn't receive my message. (might)

Joanna ......................................................................................................

28) The report must be on my desk tomorrow. (has)

The report .................................................................................................

29) I managed to finish all my work. (able)

I ................................................................................................................

30) It was not necessary for Nancy to clean the flat. (didn't)

Nancy ......................................................................................................

31) The best thing for you to do is to sit down sit down. (better)

You ..........................................................................................................

Đáp án:

26. Susan may know the address

27. Joanna mightn't have received my message

28. The report has to be on my desk tomorrow

29. I was able to finish all my work

30. Nancy didn't need to clean the flat

31. You had better sit down

III. Rewrite the sentence in the same meaning:

32. I think you should give up smoking immediately. (had)

I think you ……………………………………………………

33. I am sure you were surprised when you heard all the news (must)

You ………………………………………………………………….. when you heard the news

34. It’s very inconvenient if you can’t drive. (able)

…………………………………………………………………

35. Someone almost certainly broke the window on purpose. (must)

The window ………………………………………………….. on purpose

36. I am sure that the cat is in the house somewhere. (must)

……………………………………………………………………

37. It is possible that one of the men died on the mountain. (may)One of the men

……………………………………………………on the mountain.

38. It’s necessary for me to bring my passport. (have)

I ……………………………………………………………………

39. It wasn’t necessary for you to do all this work (needn’t)

You ………………………………………………….. all this work

40. I am sure that John is not the thief. (can’t)

…………………………………………………………………..

Đáp án:

32. I think you had better give up smoking immediately.

33. You must have been surprised when you heard the news.

34. It is very inconvenient if you aren’t able to drive.

35. The window must have been broken on purpose.

36. I am sure that the cat must be in the house somewhere.

37. One of the men may have died on the mountain.

38. I have to bring my passport.

39. You needn’t have done all this work.

40. I am sure that John can’t be the thief.

IV. Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây theo các động từ: might, might not, must, mustn’t, can, can’t.

1. Don’t stand up in the boat! You …………………. fall in the river!

2. You really …………………. start spending more time on your work.

3. That’s a really stupid idea! You …………………. be serious, surely!

4. Don’t be silly. You …………………. expect me to believe you!

5. I learn to fly! You …………………. be joking!

6. Sue says she’s stuck in traffic and she …………………. be late.

7. Tell Peter he. …………………. stay the night here if he wants to.

8. You …………………. realize it, but this is very important to me.

9. We’re not sure but we …………………. go to Prague for Christmas this year.

10. Bill cooked the lunch, so you …………………. expect anything special!

Đáp án:

1. Don’t stand up in the boat! You …………might………. fall in the river!

2. You really …………must………. start spending more time on your work.

3. That’s a really stupid idea! You ……………can……. be serious, surely!

4. Don’t be silly. You …………can’t………. expect me to believe you!

5. I learn to fly! You ………must…………. be joking!

6. Sue says she’s stuck in traffic and she ………… might………. be late.

7. Tell Peter he. ………can…………. stay the night here if he wants to.

8. You …………might not………. realize it, but this is very important to me.

9. We’re not sure but we ……… might…………. go to Prague for Christmas this year.

10. Bill cooked the lunch, so you …………mustn’t………. expect anything special!

V. Viết lại các câu sau bằng các từ đã cho

1. It was quite unnecessary for you to carry all those parcels home yourself.

You ……………………………………………………………………………

2. I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.

It can’t …………………………………………………………………

3. Maybe John’s working this weekend.

John ……………………………………………………………………………

4. I didn’t apologize. That was wrong of me.

I should …………………………………………………………………………

5. It wasn’t necessary for me to go out after all.

I needn’t ………………………………………………………………………………

6. I’m sure that you didn’t lock the front door. Here is the key.

You can’t …………………………………………………………………………

7. It was careless of you to leave the windows open last night.

You shouldn’t ……………………………………………………………………………

8. I’m sure Alison made arrangement. I recognized her voice.

It must ……………………………………………………………………

9. I’m sure he didn’t know that his brother was seriously ill.

He couldn’t possibly ……………………………………………………………………………

10. I am sure it was Judy that I saw in town this morning

It must ………………………………………………………………………………

Đáp án:

1. You needn’t have carried all those parcels home yourself.

2. It can’t have been Mrs. Mai you saw because she is in Boston.

3. John may work this weekend

4. I should have apologized. That was wrong of me.

5. I needn’t have gone out after all.

6. You can’t have locked the front door. Here is the key.

7. You shouldn’t have left the windows open last night.

8. It must have been Alison who made arrangement. I recognized her voice.

9. He couldn’t possibly have known that his brother was seriously ill.

10. It must have been Judy that I saw in town this morning.

VI. put in 'must' or 'can't'

1) Why is that man looking around like that? He ________ be lost.

2) That woman __________ be a doctor! She looks far too young.

3) John always fails the tests, even though he's clever. He __________ study enough.

4) The food is really good at that restaurant. They ________ have a great chef.

5) Who's that at the door? It _________ be Susie - she'll still be at work now.

6) This _________ be John's house. This house has a red door and it's number 24, just like he said.

7) Julie _________ have much money or she would buy a new car. Her old one is falling apart.

8) He _________ be at work now, can he? It's nearly midnight.

9) What a lot of lovely flowers you have! You ______ really like gardening.

10) David _________ drink a lot of coffee. He's finished two packets already this week.

11) This _______ be Jamie's coat. He's tall and this is tiny.

12) Her life ______ be easy. She has four children and very little money.

13) Where's Lucy? She _______ be at the library, as she often goes there at this time.

14) This bill _______ be right! £50 for two cups of coffee!.

15) Emma's amazingly good at the piano. She ______ practise a lot.

16) The car in front is driving so slowly that I think they ______ be looking for something.

17) You've already eaten enough for three people! You _______ still be hungry!.

18) This book _____belong to the library. It's certainly not mine.

19) It only takes three hours to fly from London to Sydney? That _____ be correct!.

20) There ______ be something wrong with the fridge! It's making a very unusual noise.

Đáp án:

1) Why is that man looking around like that? He ___must_____ be lost.

2) That woman _____can't _____ be a doctor! She looks far too young.

3) John always fails the tests, even though he's clever. He ______can't____ study enough.

4) The food is really good at that restaurant. They ____must____ have a great chef.

5) Who's that at the door? It _____can't____ be Susie - she'll still be at work now.

6) This _____must____ be John's house. This house has a red door and it's number 24, just like he said.

7) Julie ____can't_____ have much money or she would buy a new car. Her old one is falling apart.

8) He ______can't___ be at work now, can he? It's nearly midnight.

9) What a lot of lovely flowers you have! You ___must___ really like gardening.

10) David ____must_____ drink a lot of coffee. He's finished two packets already this week.

11) This ___can't____ be Jamie's coat. He's tall and this is tiny.

12) Her life ___can't___ be easy. She has four children and very little money.

13) Where's Lucy? She ____must___ be at the library, as she often goes there at this time.

14) This bill ___can't____ be right! £50 for two cups of coffee!.

15) Emma's amazingly good at the piano. She ___must___ practise a lot.

16) The car in front is driving so slowly that I think they ___must___ be looking for something.

17) You've already eaten enough for three people! You ____can't___ still be hungry!.

18) This book __must___ belong to the library. It's certainly not mine.

19) It only takes three hours to fly from London to Sydney? That __can't___ be correct!.

20) There ____must__ be something wrong with the fridge! It's making a very unusual noise.

VII. Complete the sentences. Use the present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1. Teachers _____ wear suits for work, but their clothes must be neat and clean.

2. Students _____ use their smart phones during the lessons.

3. You ____ arrive on time for the meeting. It's important not to be late.

4. You ____ eat lunch in the school canteen. Some students prefer to go home for lunch.

5. Students and teachers _____ be polite to each other.

6. You _____ buy a portfolio, your teacher will give you one.

7. You _____ eat or drink in any of the classrooms.

8. Students ____ take an exam at the end of the first semester.

Đáp án:

1. Teachers __needn't___ wear suits for work, but their clothes must be neat and clean.

2. Students ___mustn't__ use their smart phones during the lessons.

3. You __must___ arrive on time for the meeting. It's important not to be late.

4. You __needn't___ eat lunch in the school canteen. Some students prefer to go home for lunch.

5. Students and teachers __must___ be polite to each other.

6. You _needn't____ buy a portfolio, your teacher will give you one.

7. You __mustn't___ eat or drink in any of the classrooms.

8. Students ___must__ take an exam at the end of the first semester.

VIII. Fill in the blanks using MUST, MUSTN’T, DON’T HAVE TO, SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, MIGHT, CAN,CAN’T 

1. Rose _________________ be good playes. They has won many prizes !

2. You _________________ pay to use the library. It’s free.

3. I’m not sure where my husband is at the moment. He _________________ be at the gym.

4. Jerry _________________ be working today. He never works on Sundays.

5. You _________________ be 18 to see that horror film.

6. You _________________ hear this radio program. It’s very funny.

7. Dad _________________ go to the hospital. His cough is getting worse all the time.

8. You don’t have to shout. I _________________ hear you very well.

9. It _________________ be him. I saw him a week ago, and he didn’t look like that.

10. You look pretty tired. I think you _________________ go to bed early tonight.

Đáp án:

1. Rose ______must__________ be good player. They has won many prizes !

2. You ________don't have to_________ pay to use the library. It’s free.

3. I’m not sure where my husband is at the moment. He ________might_________ be at the gym.

4. Jerry _________can't ________ be working today. He never works on Sundays.

5. You __________must_______ be 18 to see that horror film.

6. You _________must________ hear this radio program. It’s very funny.

7. Dad _________should________ go to the hospital. His cough is getting worse all the time.

8. You don’t have to shout. I ________can_________ hear you very well.

9. It ________can't_________ be him. I saw him a week ago, and he didn’t look like that.

10. You look pretty tired. I think you _________should________ go to bed early tonight.

IX. Complete the sentences. Use “can/ can’t/ could/ couldn’t”

1. I was short of money last week. I ____________ buy that disk.

2. I am afraid, I ____________ come to your country.

3. When my father was a schoolboy, he was a good runner. He ____________ run very fast.

4. My great grandmother was very clever. She ____________ speak three foreign languages.

5. Denys ____________ swim quite well now. But last summer he ____________ swim at all.

6. My grandfather loved music very much. He ____________ play the piano and the guitar very well.

Đáp án:

1. I was short of money last week. I _____couldn’t_______ buy that disk.

2. I am afraid, I _____can’t_______ come to your country.

3. When my father was a schoolboy, he was a good runner. He ______could______ run very fast.

4. My great grandmother was very clever. She ____could________ speak three foreign languages.

5. Denys _______can_____ swim quite well now. But last summer he ______couldn’t______ swim at all.

6. My grandfather loved music very much. He _______could_____ play the piano and the guitar very well.

X. Choose the correct answer.

1. When my father was young, he _____ work in the garden for long hours.

a. can

b. could

c. will

d. should

2. He_____ have committed the crime because he was with me that day.

a. mustn't

b. shouldn't

c. won't

d. couldn't

3. Since we have to be there by 8.30, we_____ take a taxi.

a. had better

b. may

c. ought

d. are able to

4. It_____ rain this evening. Why don't you take an umbrella?

a. could be

b. must

c. might

d. had better

5. _____ you help me with the homework?

a. May

b. Shall

c. Should

d. Will

6. She hasn't eaten anything since yesterday. She_____ be really hungry.

a. might

b. will

c. must

d. can

7. I put my keys on the table, but now it's gone. Someone_____ have taken it.

a. may

b. had to

c. should

d. would rather

8. Daisy is reading her English test because she has a test tomorrow. She_____ be studying.

a. will

b. should

c. must

d. can

9. We _____ put the fish in the fridge before it spoils.

a. had to

b. may

c. can

d. had better

10. Mr. Brown is very rich. He_____ work hard for a living.

a. mustn't

b. shouldn't

c. can't

d. doesn't have to

11. Tom has just got a new job. He_____ be very pleased.

a. might

b. must

c. should

d. will

12. Tom panted his room black. It looks dark and dreary. He _____ have chosen another
colour.

a. should

b. must

c. could

d. may

13. _____ you carry this bag for me?

a. May

b. Should

c. Will

d. Shall

14. You _____ throw litter on the streets.

a. mustn't

b. couldn't

c. needn't

d. won't

15. My mother permitted me to go out at night. She said, "You_____ go out tonight".

a. may

b. have to

c. must

d. ought to

16. It is possible that she will come to our party tonight. She ....come her tonight.

a. need

b. may

c. should

d. will

17. They can type. They_____ type.

a. lean how to

b. are able to

c. know how to

d. both B &C

18. He advised me to take an English course. I_____ take it early.

a. should

b. shall

c. will

d. may

19. I'd rather_____ in the field than_____ home.

a. to work/ to stay

b. work/ stay

c. working/ staying

d. worked/stayed

20. As an orphan, he _____ earn his living alone.

a. have to

c. has had to

c. ought to

d. had to

Đáp án

1b	2d	3a	4c	5d	6c	7a	8c	9d	10d
11b	12a	13c	14a	15a	16b	17d	18a	19b	20d

 

XI. Choose the correct answer.

1. When John was young, he _____ work in the garden for long hours.

a. can 

b. could  

c. will  

d. should

2. He_____ have gone out with Mary because he was with me that day.

a. mustn’t    

b. shouldn’t    

c. won’t    

d. couldn’t

3. Because we have to be there by 7.30, we_____ take a grabcar.

a. ought to     

b. may     

c. ought     

d. are able to

4. It_____ rain today. Let’s take an umbrella.

a. could be    

b. must   

c. might    

d. had better

5. _____ you help me with the homework?

a. May    

b. Shall    

c. Should    

d. Will

Đáp án:

1. b

2. d

3. a

4. c

5. d

XII. Chọn đáp án đúng trong ngoặc

1. She ……. go to work early, didn’t she? (had to/ has to/ ought to)

2. His eyes were so bad that he ……….. read the newspapers. (shouldn’t/hadn’t to/ couldn’t/ can’t)

3. There’s the waiter. We …….. ask him for the bill. (will/ shall/ am able to/ could)

4. ………..you be able to come to the B.M workshop? – I’m afraid not. (Can/ will/ May/ should)

5. His car broke down so he ………..come by bus. (had to/ must/should/ could)

6. ……………. ask you some questions? – Okay, go ahead. (Shall I / Will I / Should I / May I )

7. She ……….. go now. She’s getting late. (had rather/ had better/ ought/ would rather)

Đáp án

1. had to

2. couldn’t

3. will

4. will

5. had to

6. May I

7. had better

XIII. Rewrite each sentence so that the new sentence has a similar meaning to the original one, using modals.

1. Parents find it unnecessary to satisfy all their children’s needs.

→ Parents don’t ____________________________________.

2. Swearing every time you need to emphasize something is not a good idea.

→ You ____________________________________________.

3. In the UK, you are not allowed to buy or drink alcohol in pubs or shops if you are under 18.

→ In the UK, you ____________________________________.

4. If I were you, I would spend more time talking with children.

→ You _____________________________________________.

5. John doesn’t get permission to use that computer.

→ John _____________________________________________.

Đáp án:

1. Parents don’t have to satisfy all their children’s needs.

2. You shouldn’t/ ought to swear every time you need to emphasize something.

3. In the UK, you mustn’t engage in any illegal religious activities.

4. You should/ ought to spend more time talking with children.

5. John mustn’t get permission to use that computer.

 

 XIV . Rewrite each sentence so that the new sentence has a similar meaning to the original one, using modals.

1. It's necessary to finish the assignment tonight.

→ You ________ finish the assignment tonight.

2. It's a good idea for her to apologize.

→ She ________________________ apologize.

3. I'm certain he's not at home.

→ He ________________________ be at home.

4. It's possible that they'll attend the meeting.

→ They ________________ attend the meeting.

5. Going to the library regularly was a habit of his.

→ He ____________ go to the library regularly.

6. It's prohibited to smoke here.

→ You _______________________ smoke here.

7. It's not necessary to bring any gifts.

→ You ____________________ bring any gifts.

8. It's a good idea to take an umbrella.

→ You ____________________ take an umbrella.

9. It's possible she didn't receive the message.

→ She _________ not have received the message.

10. I have an obligation to report this.

→ I ____________________________ report this.

Đáp án:

1. You must finish the assignment tonight.

2. She should apologize.

3. He can't be at home.

4. They might attend the meeting.

5. He would go to the library regularly.

6. You mustn't smoke here.

7. You don't have to bring any gifts.

8. You should take an umbrella.

9. She might not have received the message.

10. I must report this.

 XV. Rewrite the sentence with the same meaning.

1. I think you should give up smoking immediately. (had)

→ I think you _________________________________.

2. I am sure you were surprised when you heard all the news. (must)

→ You __________________ when you heard the news.

3. It’s very inconvenient if you can’t drive. (able)

→ __________________________________________.

4. Someone almost certainly broke the window on purpose. (must)

→ The window_______________________ on purpose.

5. I am sure that the cat is in the house somewhere. (must)

→ __________________________________________.

6. It is possible that one of the men died on the mountain. (may)

→ One of the men ______________ on the mountain.

7. It’s necessary for me to bring my passport. (have)

→ I ________________________________________.

8. It wasn’t necessary for you to do all this work. (needn’t)

→ You ___________________________ all this work.

9. I am sure that John is not the thief. (can’t)

→ _________________________________________.

Đáp án:

1. I think you had better give up smoking immediately.

2. You must have been surprised when you heard the news.

3. It is very inconvenient if you aren’t able to drive.

4. The window must have been broken on purpose.

5. I am sure that the cat must be in the house somewhere.

6. One of the men may have died on the mountain.

7. I have to bring my passport.

8. You needn’t have done all this work.

9. I am sure that John can’t be the thief.