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Bài tập Đại từ bất định trong tiếng Anh
I. Đại từ bất định là gì?
Đại từ bất định (indefinite pronoun) là từ đại diện và thay thế cho danh từ nhưng không cụ thể đó là ai, cái gì, chuyện gì,...
Tổng hợp những đại từ bất định trong tiếng Anh
Đại từ chỉ người |
Đại từ chỉ vật/sự vật/sự việc |
Đại từ chỉ 2 người hoặc 2 vật/sự vật/sự việc |
Đại từ dùng chung |
everyone/everybody (tất cả mọi người/mọi người) |
everything (mọi điều) |
both (cả hai) |
all (tất cả) |
no one/nobody (không một ai/không ai) |
nothing (không có gì) |
neither (cũng không) => Cả hai đều không |
another (người khác/cái khác) |
someone/somebody (người nào đó/có ai đó) |
something (cái gì đó) |
either (hoặc) => Một trong hai người hoặc một trong hai thứ/điều |
the other (người còn lại/cái còn lại) |
anyone/anybody (bất kỳ ai) |
anything (bất cứ thứ gì) |
two others (hai người khác/hai cái khác) |
each (mỗi người/mỗi thứ) |
|
none (không ai/không vật gì/không có gì hết) |
||
some (một người nào đó/một cá gì đó/một điều gì đó) |
|||
any (bất kỳ) |
|||
others (những người khác/những thứ khác) |
|||
the others (những người còn lại/những cái còn lại) |
Một vài đại từ bất định chỉ số lượng:
one (một) |
more (hơn) |
less (ít hơn) |
several (một số) |
most (phần lớn) |
much (nhiều) |
few (vài) |
enough (đủ) |
a few (một vài) |
fewer (ít hơn) |
a little (một chút) |
|
many (nhiều) |
little (ít) |
II. Vị trí của đại từ bất định trong câu
Vì đại từ bất định là một loại của đại từ nên nó có thể xuất hiện ở các vị trí của đại từ:
Đại từ bất định làm chủ ngữ.
Ví dụ: Everyone is fine. (Mọi người đều ổn.)
Đại từ bất định làm tân ngữ.
Ví dụ: I invite everyone to dinner. (Tôi mời mọi người đi ăn tối.)
Đại từ bất định sau giới từ.
Ví dụ: He was hit by someone. (Anh ta bị ai đó đánh.)
III. Cách dùng đại từ bất định
Đại từ bất định được sử dụng thay thế cho danh từ.
Ví dụ: Someone threw trash indiscriminately. (Ai đó đã vứt rác bừa bãi.)
=> Trong câu ta thấy đại từ bất định "someone" đang đại diện cho một ai đó không xác định.
Đại từ bất định được sử dụng cho vế không có danh từ.
Ví dụ: Of all the participants in the tournament, only one was an amateur. (Trong số tất cả những người tham gia giải đấu, chỉ có một người là nghiệp dư.)
=> Trong câu ta thấy đại từ bất định chỉ số lượng "one" đang chỉ một người nào đó.
*Chú ý: Để thể hiện ý nghĩa của câu rõ ràng hơn ta dùng cấu trúc "Đại từ bất định + of + cụm danh từ". Cụm danh từ phía sau "of" bắt buộc phải có một từ hạn định "the" hoặc một tính từ sở hữu như: my, your, their,...
Ví dụ: I played against most of the players in that tournament. (Tôi đã thi đấu với hầu hết các tuyển thủ trong giải đấu đó.)
IV. Bài tập Đại từ bất định trong tiếng Anh
1. She wants to live ____ by the sea (in a certain place).
2. She put ____ in the box, all the things that she had.
3. Does ____ have a phone charger? (I don't know if a person has a charger or not.)
4. We went ____ this weekend. We stayed at home.
5. She didn't bring ____ to the party.
6. Is there ____ in the room?
7. ____ lives in that house. It's empty.
8. Would you like to go ____ this weekend? (I don't expect a particular answer.)
9. ____ was really friendly, all the managers and even the CEO.
10. ____ is going really well and so I'm really happy.
11. I know ____ in this company. It's my first day.
12. Did you go ____ during the summer? (I don't know if you did or not.)
13. She doesn't want ____ to help her.
14. She loves ____. She's a really kind person.
15. I must have left my keys ____!
16. They looked ____ for the money. They looked in all the places in the house.
17. Would you like ____ to drink? (This is an offer, not a real question.)
18. ____ in the UK has hot weather today. It's cold all over the country.
19. ____ unusual happened. It was a very ordinary day.
20. I gave the children ____to eat because they were hungry.
21. I wish ____ would clean this mess up!
22. ____ came to the door earlier but I don't know who it was.
23. I'd love to travel ____ all over the whole world!
Đáp án:
1. somewhere
2. everything
3. anybody
4. nowhere
5. anything
6. anything
7. Nothing
8. anywhere
9. Everybody
10. Everything
11. nobody
12. anywhere
13. anybody
14. everybody
15. somewhere
16. everywhere
17. something
18. Nowhere
19. Nothing
20. something
21. somebody
22. Somebody
23. everywhere
V. Bài tập vận dụng Đại từ bất định trong tiếng Anh
Bài 1: Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng trong mỗi câu dưới đây.
1. I went shopping yesterday but I couldn’t find ………. that I liked.
nothing
anything
everywhere
2. Thomas ate ………. in his lunch bag except for the carrot.
everything
anything
somebody
3. Excuse me, waiter. There’s ………. in my soup. I think it’s a fly.
something
anywhere
everywhere
4. I didn’t go ………. on my holiday. I was so bored!
nowhere
somewhere
anywhere
5. My friend thinks intelligent aliens may exist ………. in the universe.
anyone
something
nowhere
6. ………. answered the phone when I called an hour ago.
No one
Anyone
Nowhere
7. I put my glasses ………. in my office but I can’t remember exactly where.
somewhere
everywhere
anywhere
8. ………. ate my cookie! Who? Who ate my cookie?
Anything
Somebody
Anybody
9. I can’t meet you tomorrow because I have ………. important to do.
somewhere
something
nothing
10. ………. is more important than having friends and family who love you.
Everyone
Somewhere
Nothing
11. ………. in our class passed the grammar test!
Everything
Everyone
Something
12. Did you guys do ………. interesting on the weekend?
anything
anywhere
somewhere
13. ………. can lift this box! It’s too heavy to lift.
No one
Something
Anybody
14. Almost ………. in the world knows about the Olympic games.
somewhere
everywhere
everyone
15. Some scientists believe there is alien life ………. in our solar system.
something
somewhere
anything
16. There are still plenty of empty seats. We can sit ………. we like.
anything
anyone
anywhere
Đáp án:
1. B
2. A
3. A
4. C
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. B
9. B
10. C
11. B
12. A
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. C
Bài 2: Gạch chân đại từ bất định phù hợp để hoàn thành mỗi câu dưới đây.
1. I would like (anything/something) to eat.
2. He knows (something/nothing) about it.
3. She hasn’t got (something/anything) to do.
4. They sold (everything/anything) in the sales.
5. The boy didn’t say (nothing/anything).
6. Is there (something/anything) amusing on TV?
7. Our cat must be (somewhere/anywhere).
8. There was a flood (anywhere/somewhere) in China.
9. I would like to buy (anything/something) for my dad.
10. My doctor did (everything/somebody) to save her.
11. You know (anybody/somebody) who can paint it.
12. Do you know (anyone/someone) who lives there?
13. She heard (something/anything) that scared her.
14. I don’t remember (something/anything) boring.
Đáp án:
1. something
2. nothing
3. anything
4. everything
5. anything
6. anything
7. somewhere
8. somewhere
9. something
10. everything
11. somebody
12. anyone
13. something
14. anything
Bài 3: Chọn một trong những đại từ bất định sau để điền vào ô trống trong câu
some, any, somewhere, anywhere, someone, anyone, something, anything |
1. Would you like___________ more tea? – Yes, please. – But I haven’t got ___________left.
2. _____________ closed the door and locked us out.
3. If you have _____________ questions, please ask me.
4. The map must be _____________ around here. I need it.
5. I don’t drink _____________ alcohol at all.
6. I have got _____________ in my eye. Could you take it out?
7. I would like ______________ sandwiches with egg, but we don’t have _____________ bread left.
8. I put my purse here but _____________ must have taken it. I can’t find it ____________.
9. I think _____________ rang the doorbell. I checked it but there wasn’t _____________ there.
10. If you can’t tell me _____________ new then don’t call me.
11. We usually go to the bar around the corner but today we went _____________ else.
12. There are more and more thunderstorms in our area. I’m sure it has _____________ to do with global warming.
13. Can I have _____________ sweets please? – Of course you can.
14. My teacher asked me _____________ but I didn’t give him _____________ answer. I was looking _____________ else.
15. I need _____________ milk. - Have you got _____________ ?
16. We have been looking for _____________ to live in but Vienna is simply too expensive.
17. The children played _____________ nice games at the birthday party.
18. Have you seen my keys _____________ ? – I have put them down _____________ .
19. Please tell me if you find _____________ on the Internet. I have done a lot of research, but I haven’t found _____________ yet.
20. Can I have _____________ to drink?
21. We always stay at home. We never go _____________ .
22. _____________ must have scared him. I have never seen him like this before.
23. _____________ of my CDs are broken because I left them _____________ on the floor.
24. Has _______________ seen my bag?
25. Hannah shouldn’t smoke _____________ cigarettes. She’s got _____________ problems with her health.
26. Luis isn’t _____________ smarter than Jane.
27. Have you got _____________ brothers and sisters?
28. Don’t you know _____________ good restaurants around here?
29. There wasn’t _____________ at home, so we went.
30. I don’t know our exact location, but it must be _____________ near Berlin.
Đáp án:
1 - some - any
2 - Someone
3 - any
4 - somewhere
5 - any
6 - something
7 - some - any
8 - someone - anywhere
9 - someone - anyone
10 - anything
11- somewhere
12 - something
13 - some
14 - something - any - somewhere
15 - some - any
16 - somewhere
17 - some
18 - anywhere - somewhere
19 - something - anything
20 - something
21 - anywhere
22 - something
23 - some - somewhere
24 - anyone
25 - any - some
26 - any
27 - any
28 - any
29 - anyone
30 - somewhere
Bài 4: Chọn một trong những đại từ bất định dưới đây để điền vào ô trống trong câu
somebody / something / somewhere / anybody / anything / anywhere / nobody / nothing / nowhere / everybody / everything / everywhere |
1) She wants to live __________ by the sea (in a certain place).
2) She put __________ in the box, all the things that she had.
3) Does __________ have a phone charger? (I don't know if a person has a charger.)
4) We went __________ this weekend. We stayed at home.
5) She didn't bring __________ to the party.
6) Is there __________ in the room?
7) A: What's wrong? B: __________ , I'm fine.
8) __________ lives in that house. It's empty.
9) Would you like to go __________ this weekend? (I don't expect a particular answer.)
10) __________ was really friendly, all the managers and even the CEO.
11) __________ is going really well and so I'm really happy.
12) I know __________ in this company. It's my first day.
13) Did you go __________ during the summer? (I don't know if you did or not.)
14) She doesn't want __________ to help her.
15) She loves __________.She's a really kind person.
16) I must have left my keys __________!
17) They looked __________ for the money. They looked in all the places in the house.
18) Would you like __________ to drink? (This is an offer, not a real question.)
19) __________ in the UK has hot weather today. It's cold all over the country.
20) __________ unusual happened. It was a very ordinary day.
Đáp án:
1 - somewhere
2 - everything
3 - anybody
4 - nowhere
5 - anything
6 - anything
7 - Nothing
8 - Nobody
9 - anywhere
10 - Everybody
11 - Everything
12 - nobody
13 - anywhere
14 - anybody
15 - everybody
16 - somewhere
17 - everywhere
18 - something
19 - Nowhere
20 - Nothing