Bài tập trắc nghiệm Chủ ngữ giả trong tiếng Anh
I. Lý thuyết
1. Chủ ngữ giả với “it”
It được dùng để thay thế cho một chủ ngữ dài như là cum “to-V” hoặc mệnh đề “that” hay một chủ ngữ đã được nhắc đến ở câu trước để tránh lặp lại từ gây nhàm chán cho câu. Khi đó, it được xem là chủ ngữ giả.
Các cấu trúc câu khi đi với chủ ngữ giả it:
+ Cấu trúc 1: Khi diễn tả thời gian, nhiệt độ, khoảng cách và thời tiết
Ví dụ: It is 9 o’clock. (Bây giờ là 9 giờ)
+ Cấu trúc 2: It + be + adj + to do something Hoặc It + be + adj + that clause
Ví dụ: It’s boring to read this book. (Thật là chán khi đọc quyển sách đó).
+ Cấu trúc 3: It + be + adj + that + S + should + V.inf (câu giả định)
Các tính từ có thể sử dụng trong cấu trúc này như:
|
important |
necessary |
urgent |
imperative |
|
advised |
required |
suggested |
recommended |
|
vital |
essential |
significant |
urgent |
|
crucial |
(in)appropriate |
desirable |
reasonable |
Ví dụ: It is necessary that you should study English now.
(Thật là cần thiết để bạn học tiếng Anh ngay từ bây giờ).
+ Cấu trúc 4: It + be/seem + a/an + Noun/ Noun clause
Ví dụ: It's a good thing (that) you were insured. (Thật là tốt khi bạn đã mua bảo hiểm.)
2. Chủ ngữ giả với “there”
+ Với số và số lượng:
Ví dụ: There are 5 people in my family. (Gia đình của tôi có 5 người).
+ Dùng để giới thiệu vị trí:
Ví dụ: There is a lake next to my house. (Có một cái hồ kế bên nhà tôi).
+ Dùng để giới thiệu về một chủ đề mới:
Ví dụ: There is a woman who buys this house. (Có một người phụ nữ đã mua căn nhà này).
+ Đi kèm với đại từ bất định (nothing, something, anything,…) hoặc các từ chỉ lượng:
There + be + đại từ bất định/ các từ chỉ lượng + (for) to-V/ V.ing
Ví dụ: There is nothing to wear in my wardrobe.
(Không có gì để mặc trong tủ quần áo của tôi).
II. Bài tập
Task 1. Viết lại câu theo gợi ý cho sẵn
1. What was the weather like yesterday?
(rainy and cold)
2. How long does it take from here to bus station?
(about 30 minutes)
3. How far is it from your house to your school?
(one kilometer)
4. How many degrees is it today?
(40 degrees Celsius)
5. What do you think of learning English?
(difficult/ learn English)
Đáp án:
1. It was rainy and cold.
2. It takes about 30 minutes.
3. It is one kilometer.
4. It is 40 degrees Celsius.
5. It is difficult to learn English.
Task 2. Fill in the blanks with 'There' or 'It' to complete the following sentences
1. ………… is close to the post office, so we can walk there.
2. ………….. is a dog outside. ………….. looks very cute.
3. Will ………… be any changes? I think ……… will be a good idea to show a short video about pollution in the presentation.
4. …………… were some difficult questions in the test. I couldn’t answer them.
5. ……….is 9:00a.m now. ……… is an important meeting with our partner company at 9:30 then.
Đáp án:
1. It
2. there – it
3. there – it
4. There
5. It – There
Task 3. Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in parenthesis
1. It (take) …………… me two hours to go to work every day.
2. (Be)……………. there anyone here?
3. It is important (learn)……………. foreign languages.
4. It (be)…………… too hot yesterday that we stayed inside all the time.
5. There (seem)…………. to be a big problem in this project.
6. It is very kind of you (help)………….. me fix my car.
7. There (be)………….. a lot of changes in her life because of her father’s death.
8. There (not/ be)………… anywhere to go this weekend. It’s so boring.
9. It (appear)…………… to have a storm cross this area.
10. There (be)………. a new house over there next year.
Đáp án:
1. takes
2. Is
3. to learn
4. was
5. seems
6. to help
7. is
8. is not
9. appears
10. will be
Task 4. Điền “it” hoặc “there” vào chỗ trống
1. I have got a laptop……… is my birthday present.
2. ……. is cold today, and I don’t want to do anything.
3. ……. is a lot of food in the kitchen. Go and take anything you want.
4. ……. are some problems to discuss.
5. …….. ’s Sunday…….. is a new shop opening today.
Đáp án:
1. It
2. It
3. There
4. There
5. It …..There
Task 5. Choose the correct answers to complete the following sentences
1. Don’t cry! _______ no reason to be sad.
A. It is
B. There seems
C. There is
2. _______ him 15 minutes to walk to school.
A. There is
B. It is
C. It takes
3. The hotel is expensive but ______ a wonderful restaurant inside.
A. there is
B. there was
C. it is
4. Put on your coat before going out, _______ cold!
A. there is
B. it was
C. it is
5. ______ a red motorbike and two black cars outside the house.
A. There is
B. There are
C. It is
Đáp án:
1.C
2.C
3.A
4.C
5.A
III. Bài tập vận dụng
1. It _____ until his father came that he ate something.
A. was
B. were
C. was not
D. were not
2. There/ no/ telephone/ in her office.
3. It was not until we (begin) _____ primary school that we studied English.
4. _____ three years since I last went to the theatre.
A. there is
B. there was
C. it is
D. it was
5. It was not until he passed the university exam that he (start) _____ using cell phone.
6. When we got to the cinema, _____ a queue outside, _____ a very long queue so we decided not to wait.
A. there was / there was
B. It was / there was
C. there was / it was
D. it was / it was
7. It is impossible to do this work right now.
A. It is impossible for this work to be done right now.
B. It is impossible for to be done this work right now.
C. This work is impossible to do right now.
D. This work is impossible to be done
8. It was not until 1994 that this school _____
A. Builds
B. built
C. had built
D. was built
9. “_____ time to leave?” - “Yes, _____ nearly midnight.”
A. Is there / it is
B. there was / there was
C. Is it / it is
D. Was it / it was
10. How far _____ from Milan to Rome?
A. there is
B. there was
C. it is
D. it was
11. _____ a beautiful day yesterday. We had a picnic.
A. there is
B. there was
C. it is
D. it was
12. A few days ago _____ a storm _____ a lot of damage.
A. there is / it is
B. there was / there was
C. it is / it is
D. it was / it was
13. There/ boy/ behind/ that tree.
14. It was not until _____ that I met her.
A. next week
B. last week
C. week
D. the week
15. It was not until I _____ to new school that my mother bought me a new bike.
A. go
B. went
C. am going
D. will go
Đáp án:
1.C
2.There is no telephone in her office. / There's no telephone in her office.
3.began
4.C
5.started
6.C
7.A
8.D
9.C
10.C
11.D
12.B
13.There is a boy behind that tree. / There's a boy behind that tree.
14.B
15.B
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