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Bài tập Cấu trúc As if/ As though
I. Định nghĩa cấu trúc As if/ As though
Cấu trúc As if/As though có nghĩa là: như thể là…/ cứ như là…, thường được dùng để mô tả tình trạng của sự vật, hiện tượng nào đó hoặc mang ý nghĩa mỉa mai sự việc, hành động nào đó.
E.g.:
Khi được dùng với ý nghĩa mô tả:
Kia looks as if he knows the answer. (Kia trông như biết đáp án)
→ Trong trường hợp này, người nói đang mô tả tình trạng rằng Kia biết đáp án.
Khi được dùng với ý nghĩa mỉa mai:
Kia looks as if he knew the answer. (Kia trông có vẻ như biết đáp án)
→ Trong trường hợp này, Kia bộc lộ rằng anh ấy biết đáp án, nhưng chưa chắc rằng anh ấy đã biết đáp án hay chưa, người nói muốn mỉa mai về sự bộc lộ của Kia).
II. Cách sử dụng cấu trúc As if/As though
Cấu trúc As if/As though đi với các động từ chỉ giác quan
Cấu trúc As if/As though thường đi với các động từ chỉ giác quan như: look, smell, sound, taste, feel.
Cấu trúc:
|
S + V + as if / as though + S + V |
*Lưu ý: động từ ở mệnh đề chính chia theo thì nào thì động từ ở mệnh đề AS IF / AS THOUGH chia theo thì đó.
E.g.:
The watermelon tastes bad as if it is going to be rotten. (Quả dưa hấu có vị rất tệ, cứ như nó sắp bị thối vậy).
Rose sounds as if she gets a stomach. (Rose nghe cứ như cô ấy bị đau bụng).
Daisy looked happy as though she just won the lottery. (Daisy trông rất vui vẻ cứ như là cô ấy vừa trúng xổ số vậy).
Cấu trúc As if/As though dùng diễn tả tình huống có thật
Cấu trúc As if/As though trong trường hợp này diễn tả những tình huống có thật (là các sự vật, sự việc rất rõ ràng). Việc sử dụng cấu trúc As if/As though có tác dụng mô tả, so sánh sự vật, hiện tượng, sự việc.
Cấu trúc
Ở thì hiện tại
|
S + Vs/es + as if / as though + S + Vs/es… |
E.g.: Jolie runs as if she has nothing to lose. (Jolie chạy như thể cô ấy không có gì để mất).
Ở thì quá khứ
|
S + V-ed + as if / as though + S + V-ed… |
E.g.: Jolie ran as if someone were chasing her. (Jolie chạy như thể có ai đang đuổi theo cô ấy).
Cấu trúc As if/As though diễn tả tình huống không có thật ở hiện tại
Cấu trúc As if/As though khi được dùng để diễn tả tình huống không có thật nghĩa là nó diễn tả tình huống giả định, không có thật trong hiện tại.
Cấu trúc:
|
S + Vs/es + as if / as though + S + V-ed |
*Lưu ý: Sau As if/As though, động từ “to be” được sử dụng là “were” với bất kỳ chủ ngữ nào.
E.g.: The old man dresses as if it were winter even in the winter. (Ông cụ ăn mặc cứ như bây giờ là mùa hè).
→ Trời bây giờ không phải mùa hè
He acts as though he were rich. (Anh ta cứ làm như thể là anh ta giàu có lắm).
→ Thực tế anh ấy không giàu.
He talks as if he knew everything in the world. (Anh ấy nói như thể anh ấy biết mọi thứ về thế giới).
→ Thực tế anh ấy không biết gì nhiều.
Cấu trúc As if/As though diễn tả tình huống không có thật ở quá khứ
Cấu trúc As if/As though khi được dùng để diễn tả tình huống không có thật nghĩa là nó diễn tả tình huống giả định, không có thật trong quá khứ.
Cấu trúc:
|
S + V-ed + as if / as though + S + V-p2 |
E.g.: Joss looked as though he had seen a ghost. (Trông Joss như thể anh ta vừa gặp ma)
→ Thực tế anh ấy không thấy ma.
She talked about the contest as if she had won the grand prize. (Cô ấy nói về cuộc thi như thể cô ấy đã đạt được giải thưởng danh giá).
→ Thực tế cô ấy không đạt giải thưởng danh giá nào cả.
Cách sử dụng khác của cấu trúc As if/As though
Ngoài 4 cách dùng nêu trên, có một số trường hợp As if/As though không tuân theo nguyên tắc đó là: Sử dụng To + V hoặc cụm giới từ đi sau.
Cấu trúc:
|
S + Vs/es/ed + as if / as though + to V / cụm giới từ |
E.g.:
Jenny ran out as though to chase the dog. (Jenny chạy ra ngoài cứ như để đuổi theo chú chó).
They looked at each other as if in doubt. (Họ nhìn nhau cứ như là nghi ngờ nhau vậy).
Lưu ý khi sử dụng cấu trúc As if/As though
Mệnh đề sau As if/As though không hẳn luôn tuân theo những quy tắc trên. Ở một số trường hợp, nếu điều kiện trong câu là có thật hoặc theo người nói điều đó là có thật thì những công thức trên không được sử dụng. Động từ ở mệnh đề sau cấu trúc diễn biến bình thường theo mối quan hệ với mệnh đề chính.
E.g.: She looks as if she has finished the sawing. (Trông cô ấy cứ như đã khâu xong rồi).
III. Bài tập Cấu trúc As if/ As though
Bài tập 1: Viết lại những câu sau sử dụng As if/As though
They talk like kings.
→ They talk…………………………………………
She makes up like an actress.
→ She makes up……………………………………
Mary dresses up like a queen.
→ Mary dresses up…………………………………
She pretends not to know me.
→ She looks………………………………………….
5.You speak like a prophet
→ You speak ………………………………………………..
He spends like a prince.
→ He spends his money………………………………….
My head seems to be on fire now.
→ I feel………………………………………………………….
I had a feeling that I was walking in the air.
→ I feel……………………………………………………….
She cries like a baby.
→ She cries…………………………………………………
He behaves like an owner of the place.
→ He behaves……………………………………………….
Đáp án:
They talk as if / as though they were kings.
She makes up as if / as though she were an actress.
Mary dresses up as if / as though she were a queen.
She looks as if / as though she didn’t know me.
You speak as if / as though you were a prophet.
He spends his money as if / as though he were a prince.
I feel as if / as though my head were on fire now.
I feel as if / as though I had been walking in the air.
She cries as if / as though she were a baby.
He behaves as if / as though he were an owner of the place.
Bài tập 2: Điền đáp án đúng vào chỗ trống
Câu 1: Jill’s eyes are red. She ______ she has cried.
Câu 2: Ben ______ very smart for his age. Actually he can be considered to be mature.
Câu 3: The surface of the table _____ it has been hit with something hard.f
Câu 4: Look at Bob eating his meal… He _____ he were starving!
Câu 5: You _____ something is bothering you, my dear. Is there a problem?
Câu 6: Behave _____ a real brother and help her out of this situation…
Câu 7: Jerry doesn’t feel _____ coming to my party… Try to persuade him!
Câu 8: She can be regarded _____ a very trustworthy person… You may follow her advice.
Câu 9: ‘I wanna be like you! I wanna walk like you, talk like you ! ‘ Baloo sang in The Jungle Book, but he remained _____ he had been raised…
Câu 10: Really, there are very few people ____ like you… and that’s why you’re my best friend!
Đáp án:
Looks as if
Looks
Looks as if
Looks as if
Looks as if
Like
Like
As
As
Like
Bài tập 3: Sử dụng cấu trúc as if as though để viết lại các câu dưới đây sao cho nghĩa không đổi:
Adam looked like a groom in his vest. – Adam looked
John pretenđe not to know the information about report. – John looked
Susan speaks like a MC. – Susan speaks
Marie dresses up like a princess. – Marie dresses up
His head seems to be on fire right now. – He feels
Đáp án:
Adam looked as if/ as though he were a groom in his vest.
John looked as if/ as though he didn’t know the information about report.
Susan speaks as if/ as though she were a MC.
Marie dresses up as if/ as though she were a princess
He feels as if/ as though he were on fire right now.
IV. Bài tập vận dụng Cấu trúc As if / As though
Bài 1: Hoàn thành câu sử dụng cấu trúc As if / As though dựa trên những tình huống cho trước:
1) They were extremely hungry and ate their dinner very quickly.
They ate their dinner……………………………………..
2) You could smell him from a long way away. he badly needed a bath.
He smelt……………………………………………………….
3) When you saw Sue, she was walking in a strange way.
She looked………………………………………………….
4) Carol had a bored expression on her face during the concert.
She didn’t look………………………………………………
5) Tom looks very tired. You say to him:
You look……………………………………………………….
Đáp án:
1) They ate dinner a if they hadn’t eaten for a week.
2) He smelt as if he hadn’t washed for ages.
3) She looked as if she had hurt her legs.
4) She didn’t look as if she was enjoying it.
5) You look as if you need to have a rest.
Bài 2: What do you say in these situations? Use look/sound/feel + as if ... Use the words in brackets to make your sentence.
1. You meet Bill. He has a black eye and some plasters on his face. (be/a fight)
You say to him: You look as if you've been in a flight.
2. Christine comes into the room.She looks absolutely terrified. (see/a ghost)
You say to her: What's the matter? You ................. .
3. Joe is on holiday. He's talking to you on the phone and sounds very happy. (enjoy/yourself)
You say to him: You ................................... .
4. You have just run one kilometer. You ate absolutely exhausted. (run/a marathon)
You say to a friend: I ................................. .
Đáp án:
2. You look as if you've seen a ghost.
3. You should as if you've enjoying yourself.
4. I feel as if I've run a marathon.
Bài 3: Make sentences beginning It looks as if ... /It sound as if ...
|
you should see a doctor |
it going to rain |
|
there's been an accident |
she isn't coming |
|
they are having an argument |
we'll have to walk |
1. Sandra said she would be here an hour ago.
You say: It looks as if she isn't coming.
2. The sky is full of black clouds
You say: It ............................
3. You hear two people shouting at each other next door.
You say: ...............................
4. You see an ambulance some policemen and two damaged cars at the side of the road.
You say: ...............................
5. You and a friend have just missed the last bus home.
You say: ...............................
6. Dave isn't feeling well. He tells you all about it.
You say: ...............................
Đáp án:
2. It looks as if it's going to rain.
3. It sounds as if they're having an argument.
4. It looks as if there's been an accident.
5. It looks as if we'll have to walk.
6. It sounds as if you should see a doctor.
Bài 4: Complete the sentences with as if. Choose from the box, putting the verbs in the correct form.
|
she/enjoy/it |
I/go/to/be sick |
he/not/eat/for a week |
|
he/need/a good rest |
she/hurt/her leg |
he/mean/what he/say |
|
I/not/exist |
she/not/want/come |
|
1. Mark looks very tired.
He looks as if he needs a good rest.
2. I don't think Paul was joking.
He looked .....................................
3. Whats the matter with Liz?
She's walking ..................................
4. Peter was extremely hungry and ate his dinner very quickly.
He ate .........................................
5. Caroline had a bored expression on her face during the concert.
She didn't look .................................
6. I've just eaten too many chocolates. Now I don't feel well.
I feel ..........................................
7. I phoned Liz and invited her to the party, but she wasn't very enthusiastic about it.
She sounded .....................................
8. I went into the office, but nobody spoke to me or looked at me.
Everybody ignored me ............................
Đáp án:
2. as if he meant what he said
3. as if she 's hurt her leg
4. as if he hadn't eaten for a week
5. as if she was enjoying it
6. as if I 'm going to be sick
7. as if she didn't want to come
8. as if I didn't exist
Bài 5: Complete each sentence using as if.
1. Brian is a terrible driver. He drives as if he were the only driver on the road.
2. I'm 20 years old, so please don't talk to me .... I .... a child.
3. Steve has never met Nicola, but he talks about he .... his best friend.
4. It was a long time ago that we first met, but I remember it .... yesterday.
Đáp án:
2. as if I was/were
3. as if she was/were
4. as if it was/were
Bài 6: Rewrite the sentence using As if/As though
1. He answered the question confidently like he was correct.
⇒
2. I just can’t take it! They talk like they are my parents!
⇒
3. Joey was dancing like he had never danced before.
⇒
4. The orange tastes like it is rotten.
⇒
5. He shouted like he was in trouble.
⇒
Đáp án:
1. He answered the question confidently as if/as though he was correct.
2. I just can’t take it! They talk as if/as though they are my parents!
3. Joey was dancing as if/as though he had never danced before.
4. The orange tastes as if/as though it is rotten.
5. He shouted like he as if/as though in trouble.
Bài 7: Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
1. He talks ___ he is a scientist.
2. Yonah mumbles ___ she has a lot on her mind.
3. Why does this orange taste ___ an apple?
4. He treats me ___ a queen. I just love that!
Đáp án:
1. as if/as though/like
2. as if/ as though/like
3. like
4. like
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