Tailieumoi.vn biên soạn và giới thiệu kiến thức tổng hợp Lý thuyết và bài tập về Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp trong Tiếng Anh, giúp học sinh ôn tập và bổ sung kiến thức cũng như hoàn thành tốt các bài kiểm tra môn Tiếng Anh. Mời các bạn đón xem:

Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp trong Tiếng Anh

I. Lý thuyết: 

- Lời nói gián tiếp là tường thuật lại ý của người nào đó nói.

** Cách đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp:

1. Thay đổi thì của động từ.

2. Thay đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, đại từ sở hữu.

• Ngôi thứ nhất: (I,we, me, mine,us,our) được đổi sang ngôi thứ ba  ( He, She, It,They, him/ her, his/ hers, its, their, them) phù hợp.

Ví dụ:

- Jane said,” I live in the suburbs”

⭢  Jane said that she lived in the suburbs.

- Ngôi thứ hai ( You, your, yours ) được đổi theo ngôi của tân ngữ trong mệnh đề tường thuật.

Ví dụ: He said to me,” You can take my book”

⭢  He said me that I could take his book.

• Ngôi thứ ba ( He, She, It, They, him, his, her ,them ,their) giữ nguyên( không đổi).

Ví dụ: Mary says,” They come to help the pupils.”

                ⭢   Mary said that they came to help the pupils. 

3.Trạng từ chỉ thời gian .

Ví dụ: - “I’m going now”. He said

            ⭢   He said he was going then.

        - She said “ I was at Hue yesterday”.

          ⭢   She said that she had been at Hue the day before.

4.Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn.

Ví dụ:-  He said,”Put the books here”

           ⭢   He told me to put the books there.

        - Tom said to me,” I’ll meet you this Friday”

           ⭢   He told me that he would meet me that Friday.

B. Reported commands

Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu này được bắt đầu bằng động từ: asked, told, ordered…

Ví dụ: -“ Hurry up, Lan”

⭢   He told Lan to hurry up.

- “ Shut the door”

⭢   He ordered them to shut the door.

- “ Don’t leave the room”.

⭢   He told them not to leave the room.

  * Công thức: TT:“V  + O”   =>                         GT:  S  + told/ordered/asked  + to-inf  + O

                       TT“Don’t/ doesn’t  +  V + O” =>GT: S  + asked/told + not + to-inf + O

C. Reported questions.( Câu nghi vấn.)

1. Yes/ No – questions

- Trong lời nói gián tiếp loại câu hỏi này được mở đầu bằng các động từ  “ ask, wonder …” và theo sau có  “if/ whether”.

Ví dụ: - “ Have you seen that film?” he told her

              ⭢   He asked if she had seen that film.

        - “ Will Tom be here tomorrow?.” She told

               ⭢   She wondered whether Tom would be there the day after.

* Công thức:    TT:  S  + tell / told + “ Do/does/was/will/are/is..  +  S  +  V  +  O ?”

                    GT => S + asked/wondered + (O) + If/ whether + S + V(lùi 1 bậc về QK) + O.

2. Wh/H – questions

( who,what, where, why, when,how (much/ many/ long)” trong câu gián tiếp loại câu này được mở đầu bằng các động từ “ ask, require, wonder,..”

Ví dụ:  - “What time does the film begin?” He asked

              ⭢   He asked what time the film began.

         - “What will you do tomorrow?” She asked

               ⭢   She asked what I would do the next day.

* Công thức:  TT:         “ wh/h  + ( do/was/will).. .  +  S  + V  +  O ?”, asked + S

                            GT :        S  + asked/wondered  + (O)  + wh – qs  + S  + V(lùi 1 bậc về QK)   +  O.

D. Exercises..

Change the sentences into reported speech. 

1. He said to her, “You are my friend.”

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

2. Johnny said to his mother, “I don’t know how to do this exercise.”

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

3.  “Come back before one o’clock”, advised my brother.

>…………………………………………………………………………………………

4. “Cook it in butter”, Mrs Brown said to her daughter.

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

5. The pupils said “Teacher, give us better marks, please.”

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

6. My friend said, “Are you going to leave tomorrow?”

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

7.  “Have you done your homework?”, said my mother.

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

8. I asked Bill,” What time did you go to bed last night?”

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

9. Paul said, “I must go home now.”

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

10.  “There is an accident.”, said the policeman.

->…………………………………………………………………………………………

Đáp án

1.He told her/ said to her that she was his friend

2.Johnny told his mother/ said to his mother that he didn’t know how to do exercise

3. My brother advises me to come back before one o’clock.

4. Mrs Brown told her daughter to cook it in butter.

5. The pupils told teacher to give them better marks.

6.My friend asked me if I was going to leave the next day.

7.My mother asked me if I had done my homework.

8. I asked Bill what time he had gone to bed the night before.

9. Paul said that he had to go home then.

10. The Police man said that there was an accident.