UNIT 6: GLOBAL WARMING

I. Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined.

1. A. dinner                             B. disappear                C. discover                  D. dinosaur

2. A. robot                               B. robe                        C. rock                        D. role

3. A. constant                          B. modern                   C. obvious                   D. robot

4. A. continue                         B. finish                      C. likely                      D. instant

5. A. annual                            B. basic                       C. average                   D. capacity

II. Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.

1. A. importance                     B. happiness                C. employment           D. relation

2. A. possible                          B. cultural                   C. confident                D. supportive

3. A. office                              B. nature                     C. result                      D. farmer

4. A. difficult                          B. popular                   C. effective                 D. national

5. A. answer                            B. reply                       C. singer                      D. future

III. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences.

1. Developed countries are responsible for 80% of the ____ carbon dioxide that is already in the atmosphere.

A. man-made              B. men-made              C. man-making           D. man-mades

2. The government must take ____ to cut vehicle emissions.

A. measures                B. repeat                      C. discover                  D. ban

3. They didn't forget ____ a short vacation in Cuc Phuong National Park last year.

A. being spent             B. having been spent C. to spend                  D. having spent

4. The effects of climate change on humans and nature are ____.

A. catastrophic            B. temperature            C. global                     D. risk

5. A layer of greenhouse gases – primarily water vapor, and carbon dioxide - acts as a ____ blanket for the Earth, absorbing heat and warming the surface.

A. heat                        B. heating                    C. thermal                   D. hot

6. We admired the Japanese ____ the city of Fukushima after the disaster.

A. to being rebuilt       B. for having rebuilt   C. to rebuild                D. of having rebuilt

7. We need to preserve the ____ of wildlife because each species has an important role to play.

A. diversity                 B. various                    C. population              D. type

8. Most climate scientists agree the main cause of the current global warming trend is human expansion of the greenhouse ____.

A. gas                          B. damage                   C. cause                      D. effect

9. ____ trees around the house on the south and west sides, they can save up to about $250 a year on cooling and heating.

A. Having planted       B. Being planted         C. To plant                  D. To have planted

10. The increase in the earth's temperature can cause ____illness which can be dangerous to people.

A. heat-related            B. heat-relate              C. heat-relating           D. heated-relate

11. Certain ____ in the atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide, block heat from escaping. A. gases                B. layers                      C. effects                     D. emissions

12. Having developed green technologies with low-carbon emissions, ____ intends to get rid of coal.

A. that country            B. the communities     C. the effort                 D. the possibility

13. Carbon dioxide is one of the primary ____ gases that cause global warming.

A. greenhouse             B. house                      C. plant                       D. home

14. Carbon dioxide is released through ____ processes such as respiration and volcano eruptions and through ____ activities such as deforestation, land use change, and burning fossil fuels.

A. man-made              B. ordinary-man-made           C. human natural        D. natural-human

15. Vietnam has been named among the 12 countries most ____ for climate change by the World Bank. A. at danger                         B. in risk                     C. at risk                     D. ready

IV. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

1. The president of the company officially apologised to the local residents........having dumped a large amount of raw sewage in the area.

A. about            B. with                 C. at                         D. for

2. The factory was accused.......having caused higher level of pollution to the environment.

A. about            B. on                    C. of                         D. for

3. We all admire him........having changed both his attitude and behaviours towards the

environmental issues.

A. about            B. for                   C. with                     D. at

4. Human activities are also blamed........having contributed to globalwarming.

A. for                B. on                    C. at                         D. with

5. We congratulated him......having invented an energy-saving device.

A. for                B. at                     C. about                   D. on

6. He was criticised....not having put the elephant poachers in jail.

A. at                  B. about               C. for                        D. on

7. His company was punished....not having dumped the rubbish properly.

A. by                 B. for                   C. about                   D. because of

8. The city mayor praised all voluntary students......having cleaned the playgrounds for the children.

A. for                B. because of       C. at                         D. due to

9. He thanked us......having contributed to cleaning the surrounding environment.

A. on                 B. to                     C. with                     D. for

10. He was suspected......having received presents from the local companies and ignored their violations of the environmental law.

A. about            B. on                    C. of                         C. for

11. Even when arrested, he denied....cut down that tree.

A. has                B. having             C. have                     D. have had

12. Those farmers admitted…...having used more chemical fertilisers than needed.

A. on                 B. about               C. for                        D. to

13. He forgot…...promised to cut down on the carbon dioxide emissions into the atmosphere.

A. to have         B. have                C. having                 D. had

14. I remembered having....off the lights before leaving home.

A. switched       B. switch             C. switching             D. switches

15. He regretted not....registered for military service last spring.

A. have              B. having             C. having had           D. having done

V.Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

  The costs and benefits of global warming will vary greatly from area to area. For moderate climate change, the balance can be difficult to assess. But the larger the change in climate, the more negative the consequences will become. Global warming will probably make life harder, not easier, for most people This is mainly because we have already built enormous infrastructure based on the climate we now have.

  People in some temperate zones may benefit from milder winters, more abundant rainfall, and expanding crop production zones. But people in other areas will suffer from increased heatwaves, coastal erosion, rising sea level, more erratic rainfall, and droughts.

  The crops, natural vegetation, and domesticated and wild animals (including seafood) that sustain people in a given area may be unable to adapt to local or regional changes in

climate. The ranges of diseases and insect pests that are limited by temperature may expand, if other environmental conditions are also favourable.

  In its summary report on the impacts of climate change, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stated, "Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time.”

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Environment pollution is real. B. Reasons why low-lying areas are flooded

C. Solutions to global warming.   D. Reasons why global warming is a problem.

2. Which of the following is TRUE as the result of global warming?

A. All people suffer from global warming,

B. All people benefit from global warming.

C. Life is more difficult for the majority of people.

D. Life is easier for most people.

3. According to the passage, all of the following are the results of global warming EXCEPT........

A. higher temperature                   B. coastal erosion

C. increasing sea level                  D. stable rainfall

4. What may happen to diseases and insect pests as a result of global warming?

A. They will become extinct.        B. They will increase in number.

C. They will not harm our planet.                                  D. They will be under good control.

5. In paragraph 1, the word "this” refers to..........

A. harder life as a result of global warming                  B. easier life as a result of global

C. climate change on global scale                D. flood in low-lying areas

6. In paragraph 2, the word "erratic” is closest in meaning to...........

A. predictable   B. unpredictable C. changeable          D. unchangeable

VI. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

1. Having seen people suffer global warming consequences, we decided to reduce carbon footprints.

A. We decided to reduce carbon footprints before seeing people suffer globalwarming consequences.

B. We saw people suffer global warming consequences after we decided to reduce carbon footprints.

C. We decided to cut down on carbon footprints after we saw people suffer global warming consequences.

D. We decided to cut down on carbon footprints before we saw people sufferglobal warming consequences.

2. Carbon dioxide is one of the primary greenhouse gases that cause global warming.

A. Carbon dioxide is the only greenhouse gas that causes global warming.

B. Global warming results in greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide.

C. One of the main greenhouse gases that lead to global warming is carbon dioxide.

D. Global warming causes greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide.

3. Planting trees can contribute to reducing global warming.

A. Global warming can't be controlled by planting trees.

B. Planting trees is the only way to control global warming.

C. Planting trees can accelerate global warming.

. Climate change leads to numerous catastrophic consequences.

A. Numerous catastrophic consequences result in climate change.

B. Numerous catastrophic consequences result from climate change.

C. Climate change results from numerous catastrophic consequences.

D. Numerous catastrophic consequences cause climate change.

5. The increase in earth's temperature can cause heat-related illnesses.

A. Heat-related illnesses result from the increase in earth's temperature.

B. Heat-related illnesses result in the increase in earth's temperature.

C. Heat-related illnesses lead to the increase in earth's temperature.

D. Heat-related illnesses trigger the increase in earth's temperature.

VII. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.

1. Some scientists have distorted the effects of climate change. They were accused of that.

A. Some scientists were accused of having falsify the effects of climate change.

B. Some scientists were accused of having been honest about the effects ofclimate change.

C. Although some scientists have distorted the effects of climate change, they were not accused.

D. Some scientists were accused of having falsified the effects of climate change.

2. He said that he would take responsibility for his company's damage to the area. But then he denied that.

A. Having denied his company's damage, he took responsibility for it.

B. He denied having damaged to his company's area.

C. He denied having taken responsibility for the damage to his company's area.

D. He denied having said that he would take responsibility for his company's damage to the area.

3. He donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns. He was admired for that.

A. Unless he donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he was admired.

B. He was admired for having donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns.

C. If he had donated a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns,he would have been admired.

D. If he donates a lot of money to environmental protection campaigns, he will be admired.

4. We have advised you on how to cut down your energy use. We remember that.

A. We can no longer remember having advised you on how to decrease yourenergy use.

B. We remember having advised you on how to maintain your energy use.

C. We remember having advised you on how to decrease your energy use.

D. We remember to have advised you on how to decrease your energy use.

5. They decided to cut down their carbon footprints. They were praised for that.

A. They were praised for having decided to decrease their carbon footprints.

B. They were not punished for having decided to decrease their carbon footprints.

C. Unless they decided to cut down their carbon footprints, they were praised for that.

D. If they decided to cut down their carbon footprints, they would be praised for that.

VIII. Rewrite the following sentences using Perfect Participle.

Ex:      We switched off the lights before we went to bed.

→ Having switched off the lights, we went to bed.

1. Zoe had practiced a lot, so she was sure of her winning in the competition.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. The boy asked his mother's permission and then went out to play.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. As he had drunk too much, he didn't drive home himself.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. We have done two tests today, so we are exhausted.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5. She filled the washing machine and switched it on.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

XIX. Rewrite the sentences, using perfect gerunds.

Example: They had hunted and killed many wild animals. Later they regretted what they had done.

→ They regretted having hunted and killed many wild animals.

1. Tom got the first prize in the English Speaking Contest. People admired him for that.

→ People ___________________________________________________________________________

2. The factory had dumped lots of rubbish in the river. It denied doing so.

→ The factory denied _____________________________________________________________

3. The student had cheated in the exam. He admitted that.

→ The student admitted______________________________________________________________

4. I haven’t met him before. I remember that.

→ I ________________________________________________________________________________

5. You had helped me do the household chores. Thank you for that.

→ Thank you _____________________________ ______________________________________